Example: The Myth of Five Nines... Aside: Arbitrary Optimization Considered Harmful Why? Because optimization introduces complexity and tighter coupling between components and layers Not always: "The best code is no code" [Randy] Virus evolution argument The implication here is that trying to squeeze out efficiency past some point only adds complexity, increases system non-linearity, and hence leads to less reliable systems (Law of Diminishing Returns) But still, why?